Minggu, 09 Juni 2019

Introduction to syntax


Syntax is the part of linguistics that studies the structure and formation of sentences. It explains how words and phrases are arranged to form correct sentences. A sentence could make no sense and still be correct from the syntax point of view as long as words are in their appropriate spots and agree with each other. Here is a classic example by Noam Chomsky, a linguist, that illustrates a case in which a sentence is correct but does not make sense:

Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.

To create grammatically correct and acceptable English sentences, we have to follow the English rules for syntax.

Types of Syntax (Sentence Structures)

Types of sentences and their syntax modes include simple sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences, and compound-complex sentences. Compound sentences are two simple sentences joined by a conjunction. Complex sentences have dependent clauses, and compound-complex sentences have both types included.

Simple sentence: The girl ran. Structure: Subject-verb.

Compound sentence: The girl ran the marathon, and her cousin did, too. Structure: Subject-verb-object-conjunction-subject-verb.

Complex sentence: Although they were tired after the marathon, the cousins decided to go to a celebration at the park. Structure: Dependent clause-subject-verb-object.

Compound-complex sentence: Although they weren't fond of crowds, this was different, they decided, because of the common goal that had brought everyone together. Structure: Four clauses, dependent and independent

62 komentar:

  1. This is blog very bad and just copy-paste. Not references and not intersted from reader.

    Your blog must be trashed 👎

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Thank you for your comments to my blog, in the future I will improve my writing.

      Hapus
  2. yona, can you explain me what is the different between syntax and grammar?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Sure, Grammar is the "umbrella" term. Grammar is everything about how a language works, including syntax, and it's the term non-linguist a.k.a. normal people would use.
      Syntax is about word order. Remember those questions where you're supposed to rearrange words to make the sentence sensible? You're dealing with syntax. Basically whenever you're trying to figure out where the subject, verb, predicate, adverb, or any other parts of speech should be, you're faced with the syntax of language

      So, grammar deals with everything concerning the 'why's of language. Linguists divide it in two to make it easier to study. 
      One part of grammar is called morphology, which has to do with the internal structure of words. You're dealing with morphology when you're trying to break down words like 'playing = play + -ing'.

      Hapus
    2. your material is too short haha.. dont be a lazy girl dude

      Hapus
  3. The explanation about syntax you can make more simple and give more example to make me got the point of it.

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. A sentence is a grammatical unit consisting of one or more words that bear minimal syntactic relation to the words that prrcede or follow it, expdess a thought in the form of a statement, qiestique, instructions, or exclamation, which starts with a capital letter and ends with a dull stop when written.

      Hapus
    2. What this meant: prrcede and expdess ?

      Hapus
    3. Sorry novi, I mean precede and expresese hehe

      Hapus
  4. when i read this explanation i feel borring and i think you just copy past in internet....

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Sorry, I only share my understanding about syntax not still copy paste hehe

      Hapus
  5. Balasan
    1. Really? But in here I'm not make you happy

      Hapus
    2. idc! im curious abt something, are between syntax and grammar is the same?

      Hapus
    3. oh like that, you should put what the difference between them if you want your blog good!

      Hapus
    4. Ok thanm you for your support. I hope you enjoy to read my blog vira

      Hapus
  6. Balasan
    1. Boring so much? Are you sure?What is boring about my blog?

      Hapus
  7. Balasan
    1. Yeah, no problem afriyanti. Because Because for me, let it be short as long as it is understood.

      Hapus
  8. why you dont put the more example ?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Because I wanna you give example when you have done read my blog. I wanna make you understand about it

      Hapus
  9. You have to give some explanation about types of syntax. Like,compound sentence,what is that,what the contain on compound sentence,how to create a compound sentence.

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Ok, first a compound sentence is a sentence consist of two or more independent clauses ( main clauses) with no dependent clause (subordinate clause). Usually linked by the coordinating conjunction : and, but, so, or, nor, then.

      For example :
      1. She works in the city but she lives in the suburs.
      She works in the city ( Main clause )
      But ( coordinating conjunction )
      She lives in the suburs ( main clause )
      2. He ran out *and* fell over the suitcase

      Hapus
    2. Are you sure about that ? I think you not understand well about types of syntax

      Hapus
    3. Why???? Yeah it's just that I have the ability to understand it, if you want to come more with Professor Syntax especially linguistics.

      Hapus
    4. You don't have to be a syntax professor to teach everyone.

      Hapus
  10. So short. Give more example yona

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Ok ega
      1. Simple sentence
      The boy cried
      2. Compound sentence
      I am tall, *yet* she is short
      3. Complex sentence
      When I come home, I will eat dinner.
      4. Compound complex sentence
      The dog ran off when I chased him, but I didn't care

      Hapus
  11. Explanation without example ia so BAD

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. So? You think you flower? Sorry I don't care

      Hapus
    2. If u think u flawer gimme example

      Hapus
    3. 1. Simple
      I come
      2. Compound
      He could is either eat *not* sleep
      3. Complex
      If you sell the most cookies, you will win the prize
      4. Compound complex
      Though my mother says it doesn't matter, I am tall, and she is short.

      Hapus
  12. Balasan
    1. Of course
      1. Simple
      I come
      2. Compound
      He could is either eat *not* sleep
      3. Complex
      If you sell the most cookies, you will win the prize
      4. Compound complex
      Though my mother says it doesn't matter, I am tall, and she is short.

      Hapus
  13. hi yona ,nice, I like but what the meaning "sentence is correct but does not make sense ex: Colorless green ideas sleep furiously" please help me to understand.

    BalasHapus
  14. Hello yona
    I like your explanation is not complicated. but give me one more example

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Ok only one
      Simple sentence
      - Some students like to studying in the morning

      Hapus
  15. Balasan
    1. Oh really? How about make you interest with my blog??

      Hapus
    2. I mean make you interest with my blog hehe

      Hapus
  16. Balasan
    1. 1. Simple
      The girl I ran into her bedroom
      2. Compound
      She is five children, *so* she is incredibly buy.
      3. Complex
      If you sell the most cookies, you will win the prize
      4. Compound complex
      Erin loves her brother, and he loves her too because she pays his bills.

      Hapus
  17. Oh, this is again. I have seen the same material with your blog on several blogs. Did you copy paste from another blog? hmm

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. No, I'm not copy paste. But i write best my understanding

      Hapus
  18. Um Can you explain briefly what is compound sentence and give me some example of that. Tq

    BalasHapus
  19. The appearance of your blog is very boring, btw.

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Sorry, next time i will make my blog like a your blog have a good blog and creativity

      Hapus
  20. Balasan
    1. Maybe you can read more and after that you can get a point

      Hapus
  21. I don't know why, but read more

    BalasHapus
  22. Give attention part of syntax, u should make it easy for reader

    BalasHapus
  23. No example, no more explanation about your material, and no refference about this. It's bad to read.

    BalasHapus
  24. Better you have to make examples of your explanations.

    BalasHapus
  25. yona, can you explain me what is the different between syntax and grammar?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Sure I can, grammar deals with everything concerning the 'why's of language. Linguists divide it in two to make it easier to study. 
      One part of grammar is called morphology, which has to do with the internal structure of words. You're dealing with morphology when you're trying to break down words like 'playing = play + -ing'.


      The other part of grammar is called syntax, which has to do with the external structure of words. When you're trying to figure out the subject-verb agreement and where to put them, you're dealing with syntax.

      Hapus